What does a large number of studies suggesting similar results indicate in a meta-analysis?

A large number of studies suggesting similar results in a meta-analysis indicates low statistical heterogeneity. When results across various studies are consistent, it suggests that the studies are measuring the same underlying phenomenon without significant variation in effects due to different methodologies, populations, or settings. This consistency strengthens the overall conclusions drawn from the meta-analysis, reflecting a reliable effect that can be generalized more broadly.

Low statistical heterogeneity implies that the methodological differences between studies or variations in sample characteristics have minimal impact on the outcomes measured. This makes the synthesis of data across studies valid and often leads to greater confidence in the aggregated findings. Researchers look for low heterogeneity when interpreting the results since it supports the robustness of the meta-analysis conclusions. An understanding of this concept is crucial in evidence-based practice, as it helps clinicians, researchers, and policymakers draw appropriate inferences and apply findings to their practice or further research effectively.