How can biases affect research outcomes?

Biases can significantly affect research outcomes by leading to skewed or inaccurate results. This occurs when researchers' preconceived notions, preferences, or systematic errors influence the data collection, analysis, and interpretation processes. For instance, when a researcher selectively reports only the data that supports their hypothesis or fails to consider all relevant variables, the findings may not accurately reflect reality. This can result in misleading conclusions that might influence future research, clinical practice, or policy decisions. Understanding the impact of biases is crucial for maintaining the integrity of research and ensuring that conclusions drawn are based on valid, reliable evidence.